Mention the parasites causing anaemia? discuss the mechanism of developing anemia in different types of parasitic infection/Mention how hook worm causes anemia in man?Write in short about the pathogenesis of hook worm induced anaemia./State the causes of anaemia in Maleria and Kala-azar.

Mention the parasites causing anaemia? discuss the mechanism of developing anemia in different types of parasitic infection

Parasites                     

 1.Giarda   
•Causes of anaemia

a)Diverting of nutrients

2.Trypanosoma
•Causes of Anaemia

 a) Haemolysis

 b)Removal of sensitised RBC from blood

 c)Depressed production of RBC by Bone marrow
3.Leishmania
•Type--Normocytic

 •Causes of anaemia

 a)Anti-RBC Ab formation

 b)Short life span of RBC(50 days)

 c)Lysis of RBC by spleen

 d)Compromise erythropoiesis

4.Plasmodium

 •Type---Microcytic or normochromic
           hypochromic anaemia(Haemolytic anaemia)
•Causes of anaemia

 a)Extensive haemolysis(Break down of  RBC during segmentation of paraParas)


5)Diphyllobothrium Latum

 •Type---Megaloblastic anaemia

 •Causes of Anaemia

a) Unsaturated fatty acid released by D.latum interferes with the function of intrinsic factor of Castle

 b)D.latum takes up vit-B-12 Causing megaloblastic anaemia.
6)Taenia

7.Ancylostoma

 8.Necator americanus






Type of anaemia:Chronic haemorrhagic anaemia.(Iron deficiency anaemia)



Causes of Anaemia

 1.Chronic Blood loss:

 a). Sucking of blood by the parasites for their food.

 b) Chronic hemorrhage from the punctured sites of intestine due to release of an anticoagulant from the oesophageal of  the parasites.
•A. duodenale---sucks .02 ml blood per day.1% Hb is lost by 12 worms.

 •N.americannus---sucks .03ml blood per day.


2.Nutritional defects

a) Deficiency of  available Fe>>>Microcytic hypochromic anaemia

b) Deficiency of other haemopoietic substances e.g.vit.-12,folic acid etc.



•Folic  acid/vit.12 defiDefici>>Microcytic anaemia


•Fe +folic acid/Bit B-12 Deficiency>>Dimorphic anaemia

Next








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