【】CH4 Lewis Structure , Valence Electrons ,Formal Charge,Polar or Nonpolar

CH4 Lewis Structure

Answer:

CH4 Lewis structure(Methane electron dot structure) is that type of diagram where we show the total 8 valence electrons of CH4 as dots , or dots and dashes(-).In Lewis structure,it is common that a bonding pair of two electrons can be shown by  dash(-) or dots(●●) but a lone pair of two electrons is shown by dots[●●].


Explanation:

Hello,today I am going to draw the CH4 Lewis  structure  in just four steps.

       

CH4 Lewis  structure  Setup Step-1:

To draw the CH4 Lewis  structure, we have to find out the CH4 valence electrons  first.We express valence electrons as dots in lewis dot structure.

To get the valence electrons of carbon,we need to look at the electronic configuration of carbon.



C(6)=1s²2s²2p²



The highest value of principal quantum number here is n=2.


The highest value of principal quantum number ,n , indicates the valence shell and we know the electrons in valence shell is called valence shell.



The nunber of valence electrons in carbon is 4.





Now,to draw the lewis dot structure of carbon,we need to imagine a square around carbon.

                  口




We know a square has four sides.At first,we have to place one valence electrons as dot to every side of that square before pairing up.


Again, we have to find out the valence electrons of hydrogen.

To get the valence electrons of hydrogen,we need to look at the electronic configuration of hydrogen.


H(1)=1s¹

The highest value of principal quantum number here is n=1.

The highest value of principal quantum number ,n , indicates the valence shell and we know the electrons in valence shell is called valence shell.




The nunber of valence electrons in hydrogen is 1.

        CH4 Lewis  structure  Setup  Step-2: CH4 Valence Electrons

Now we have to count total number of valence electrons for CH₄(methane).


C =4

4×H=4


So, CH₄ (methane)  has totally eight balence electrons( 4+4=8 )


              Step-3:


Now we have to determine the central atom in CH₄(methane).The central atom is that kind of atom that is single or that has lower electronegativity.In case of CH₄(methane),Carbon,C, is the central atom and H is the outer atom .Always H is outer atom.



          CH4 Lewis  structure  Setup Step-4:

Now we need to connect the outer atoms with  the central atoms using single bond or line(-).Every line represent two 【●●】dots or two valence electrons.

Or,

In the above structure,we have used 8 valence electrons.So,we have 8-8=0 left.


In the above structure,carbon has  octet and hydrogen has duet.

So the CH4 Lewis  structure  will be the following.

CH4 Lewis  structure

CH4 Formal Charge

Now we can apply the formula for formal charge.

Formula-3

Formal Charge=Valence Electrons-Dots-Lines

Some Questions and Answers

Is CH4 polar or nonpolar?

Answer:

CH4 is a nonpolar molecule due its tetrahedral shape which cancels the bond dipole moments of all the bonds.Thus, we get zero net molecular dipole moment and methane as a nonpolar molecule.

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