【】Oxidation of Nickel (Ni) ||What Is the Oxidation State of Nickel?

Oxidation of Nickel (Ni)

Today,from this post we will learn about the oxidation of nickel.



Remember that the oxidation of nickel means the oxidation number of nickel , the oxidation state of nickel or how many electrons nickel usually loses.



To know the oxidation of nickel,at first we have to find out the valence electrons in nickel from its electronic configuration.



Ni(28)=1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁸


=1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁸

4s²


=【Ar】3d⁸ 4s²


Nickel is a transitional metal.So,we have to consider d orbital as part of its valence shell.Valence shell is the outer mostshell and valence electrons are the electrons of valence shell.



Ni(28)=【Ar】3d⁸ 4s²


So,nickel has 10 valence electrons.But this does means that nickel will use all the valence electrons during reactions as we know that only valence electrons take part during a reaction.


Usually, nickel shows 0,+1,+2,+3 and +4 oxidation number or oxidation states.


For showing +2 oxidation state,nickel lose two electrons from 4s orbital.



For showing +3 oxidation states, nickel loses three electrons,two from 4s and one fr 3d orbital.



For showing +4 oxidation number,nickel loses four electrons,two from 4s and two from 3d orbital.

Now consider the following example:

◆Ni(CO)₄



In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is 0.


◆NiBr(PPh₃)₃

In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +1.



●NiO 

In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +2 as oxygen is -2.

◆Ni₂O₃
In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +3 as oxygen is -2.

●(Ni_III(PPh₃)X₃)


In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +3

●Ni(O)(OH)
In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +3.


◆BaNiO₃

In this compound ,the oxidation of nickel is +4.



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