How to Extend Carbon Chain in Organic Chemistry ||Extending or Increasing Carbon Chain Length


How to Extend Carbon Chain in Organic Chemistry||Extending or Increasing Carbon Chain Length


Ascending series : To prepare aliphatic higher homologue, basic interconversion compound is halogeno alkane (RX). 

Reaction between RX and alc. KCN producing alkane nitrile (RCN) has got one more carbon atom than starting homologue. 

Besides, Grignard reagent produced from RX and Mg powder, on addition with methanal (H-CHO) or addition with CO₂ get one carbon atom increased in carbon chain.

 The following examples make it clear to get higher homologue




How to Extend Carbon Chain in Organic Chemistry||Extending or Increasing Carbon Chain Length
















How to Extend Carbon Chain in Organic Chemistry ||Extending or Increasing Carbon Chain Length


More 







Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

【】How Many Valence Electrons Does Selenium (Se) Have?|| Selenium (Se) Valence Electrons

Image
Selenium has six valence electrons. Read:CO2 Lewis Structure Explanation: Now I am going to show you how to find valence electrons in selenium  in just 5 steps. Add caption              Step-1: First, find the atomic number of  selenium  from periodic table. From periodic table ,we see that the atomic number of  selenium  is 34.                  Step-2: We know that the atomic number of  selenium  is 34.So  selenium  has 34 protons and 34 electrons as the charge of electrons and protons are equal but opposite in nature.The charge of proton is +1 and the charge of electron is -1. Read:CO2 Lewis Structure                 Step-3: Now write the electron configuration of  selenium   . Se(34)=1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹º4p⁴ Rewrite this ...
Read more

【●】H2SO4 + NaOH ||Sulfuric acid(H2SO4) and Sodium hydroxide(NaOH)--What is the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide?

Image
Sulfuric acid and Sodium hydroxide Hello,you are in right place to know about the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. Sulfuric acid is an acid because it has hydrogen ion.The formula for sulfuric acid is H₂SO₄.It is a strong acid. Sodium hydroxide is a base because it has hydroxide ion.The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.It is a strong base. Read this:CO Lewis Structure Read:CO2 Lewis Structure                 Sulfuric acid(H2SO4) and Sodium hydroxide(NaOH)  Acid reacts with base to form salt and water.This type of reaction is called acid base neutralization reaction. In case of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide,acid-base neutralization reaction  will happen. Sulfuric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide and produce sodium sulphate(Na₂SO₄) and water(H₂O).Here  sodium sulphate(Na₂SO₄) is a salt beacause its positive part has come from base and negative part has ...
Read more

【 】Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide||Balanced Equation for Hydrochloric acid and Sodium Hydroxide

Image
Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Hello,you are in right place to know about the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Hydrochloric acid is an acid because it has hydrogen ion.The formula for hydrochloric acid is HCl.It is a strong acid. Sodium hydroxide is a base because it has hydroxide ion.The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.It is a strong base. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) Acid reacts with base to form salt and water.This type of reaction is called acid base neutralization reaction. In case of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide,acid-base neutralization reaction will happen. Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide and produce sodium chloride(NaCl) and water(H₂O).Here sodium chloride(NaCl) is a salt beacause its positive part (Na+)has come from base and negative part(Cl-) has come from acid. HCl+ NaOH =NaCl +H₂O Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Balanced Equation Now I will balance hydrochlor...
Read more

【】How to Convert Ethene to Ethanoic Acid or Acetic Acid||How Ethanoic Acid Is Prepared from Ethene

Image
Answer: To convert ethene to ethanoic acid,we will adopt four steps:              Step-1: Ethene reacts with HBr and we get 1-bromo ethane.            Step-2: 1-bromo ethane reacts with aqueous KOH and we get ethanol.            Step-3: Ethanol is oxidized by K₂Cr₂O₇ plus H₂SO₄ and we get ethanal.            Step-4: Again,ethanal is oxidized by K₂Cr₂O₇ plus H₂SO₄ and we get ethanoic acid or acetic acid. Now see all the steps at a glance. How to convert ethene to ethanoic acid Read:CO2 Lewis Structure Next Recommended Posts: ● How to draw lewis structure ● SO2 Lewis Structure ◆ CO Lewis Structure ◆ CO2 Lewis Structure ◆ How to find percentage
Read more

【】How to Convert propene to propyne and propyne to propene conversion

Image
How to Convert Propyne to Propene Propyne reacts with hydrogen (H₂) in presence of  Pd and BaSO₄ at 25ºc temperature and produce propene(CH₃-CH=CH₂). Here BaSO4 acts as catalyst poison towards Pd catalyst reducing it's catalytic action and controls the upto first stage. How to Convert Propene to Propyne          Step-1: Propene(CH₃-CH=CH₂) reacts with Br₂ in presence of CCl₄ and produce 1,2-dibromo propane( CH₃-CH(Br)CH₂Br).             Step-2: 1,2-dibromo propane( CH₃-CH(Br)CH₂Br) reacts with (alc)KOH and produce 1-bromo propene-1(CH₃-CH=CH-Br).                        Step-3: 1-bromo propene-1(CH₃-CH=CH-Br) reacts with sodamide and produce propyne. Next ● How to find percentage
Read more

【 】SO2 Lewis Structure ,Valence Electrons ,Formal Charge,Polar or Nonpolar

Image
SO2 Lewis Structure   Answer: Here is the definition of SO2 Lewis structure. SO2 Lewis structure (sulfur dioxide electron dot structure) is that type of diagram where we show the total 18 valence electrons of SO2 as dots , or dots and dashes(-).In Lewis structure,it is common that a bonding pair of two electrons can be shown by  dash(-) or dots(●●) but a lone pair of two electrons is shown by dots[●●]. In SO2 Lewis structure,there are two double bonds that are going from the atom sulphur to oxygens. In SO2 Lewis structure ,there are totally five lone pairs of electrons.The each  oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons and the sulphur atom has one lone pair of electrons. In SO2 Lewis structure ,the oxygen atoms follow the octet rule but the sulfur atom don't follow the octet rule.It has more than eight electrons. In SO2 Lewis structure,we get nine pairs of electrons.Out of nine pairs of electrons,SO2 has four bond pairs of electrons and five lone pairs of electron...
Read more

【 】Sodium Hydroxide and Sulfuric Acid Balanced Equation||Balanced Chemical Equation for Sulfuric Acid And Sodium Hydroxide

Image
Sodium Hydroxide and Sulfuric Acid Balanced Equation Now I will balance sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide reaction. Step-1:write the reaction. H₂SO₄ + NaOH ----->Na₂SO₄ +H₂O Step-2:In the left side, we have  H SO₄  Na O To balance this reaction means we need to equalize the number of these above atoms and polyatomic ion. Step-3:Now balance Na atom first.In the left hand side,we have one Na but in the right side,we have two Na.So to balance Na ,we need to put 2 before NaOH in the left side. H₂SO₄ +2 NaOH ----->Na₂SO₄ + H₂O Step-3:Now balance H. After step 3 we are getting ... H₂SO₄ +2 NaOH ----->Na₂SO₄ + H₂O In the left hand side,we have 4 hydrogens but in the right side ,we have 2 hydrogen's.So we need to place 2 before  H₂O in the right side. So we are getting... H₂SO₄ +2 NaOH ----->Na₂SO₄ +2 H₂O Step-4:Now balance SO4  Ater step 3, we are getting... H₂SO₄ +2 NaOH ----->Na₂SO₄ +2 H₂O In the left side ,we have one...
Read more

What is the sulfur(S)Electron Configuration?

Image
Full Ground state electron Configuration for Sulfur,S:  1s² 2s²  2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ ●Abbreviated Electron Configuration for Sulfur :  [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ . ● Shorthand  Electron Configuration for Sulfur,S:  [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ ●Long thand  Electron Configuration for Sulfur,S:  1s² 2s²  2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ ●Una bbreviated Electron Configuration for Sulfur ,S:  1s² 2s²  2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ ●Orbital Diagram of Sulfur,S: Orbital Diagram of Sulfur,S: ● Electron Configuration for a Neutral Sulfur ,S:  1s² 2s²  2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ Electron Configuration Chart of Sulphur Explanations: Here is the way you can follow to write the electron configuration og sulphur(S) in just 5 steps.                    Step-1: To do electron configuration of sulphur, we have to know the atomic number of   sulpur(S) . The atomic number of  sulphur  is 16.So  sulpur   has 16 electrons and 16 protons. ...
Read more

How to Convert Ethanoic Acid to Ethene

Image
Look at the following steps to convert ethanoic acid to ethene.                     Step-1 : Ethanoic acid is reduced by lithium aluminum hydride in presence of dry ether and we get the product ethanol.                      Step-2: Ethanol  reacts with phosphorus pentachloride and produce chloro ethane.                     Step-3: Chloro ethane reacts with alcoholic potassium hydroxide and produce ethene. Next How to Draw Lewis Structure for CO2
Read more

【 】CO Lewis Structure ,Valence Electrons ,Formal Charge ,Polar or Nonpolar

Image
  CO Lewis Structure Answer: CO Lewis structure(carbon monoxide electron dot structure) is that type of structure where we show the total ten valence electrons of CO as dots , or dots and dashes(-).In Lewis structure,it is common that a bonding pair of two electrons can be shown by  dash(-) or dots(●●) but a lone pair of two electrons is shown by dots[●●]. CO Lewis Structure In CO Lewis structure,the carbon atom follows the octet rule and the oxygen atom also follows the octet rule.So,CO follows the octet rule for all the atoms. In CO Lewis structure,we get five pairs of electrons.Out of five pairs of electrons,CO has three bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons.Here carbon has one lone pair and oxygen has one lone pair of electrons. Explanation: Today we are going to learn to draw CO Lewis structure   (Carbon monoxide Lewis structure) in just few steps. CO Lewis Structure CO Lewis Structure  Setup Steps There are 5 steps that you need to follow...
Read more